[PDF][PDF] Macrophage polarization contributes to glioblastoma eradication by combination immunovirotherapy and immune checkpoint blockade

D Saha, RL Martuza, SD Rabkin - Cancer cell, 2017 - cell.com
D Saha, RL Martuza, SD Rabkin
Cancer cell, 2017cell.com
Glioblastoma is an immunosuppressive, fatal brain cancer that contains glioblastoma stem-
like cells (GSCs). Oncolytic herpes simplex virus (oHSV) selectively replicates in cancer
cells while inducing anti-tumor immunity. oHSV G47Δ expressing murine IL-12 (G47Δ-
mIL12), antibodies to immune checkpoints (CTLA-4, PD-1, PD-L1), or dual combinations
modestly extended survival of a mouse glioma model. However, the triple combination of
anti-CTLA-4, anti-PD-1, and G47Δ-mIL12 cured most mice in two glioma models. This …
Summary
Glioblastoma is an immunosuppressive, fatal brain cancer that contains glioblastoma stem-like cells (GSCs). Oncolytic herpes simplex virus (oHSV) selectively replicates in cancer cells while inducing anti-tumor immunity. oHSV G47Δ expressing murine IL-12 (G47Δ-mIL12), antibodies to immune checkpoints (CTLA-4, PD-1, PD-L1), or dual combinations modestly extended survival of a mouse glioma model. However, the triple combination of anti-CTLA-4, anti-PD-1, and G47Δ-mIL12 cured most mice in two glioma models. This treatment was associated with macrophage influx and M1-like polarization, along with increased T effector to T regulatory cell ratios. Immune cell depletion studies demonstrated that CD4+ and CD8+ T cells as well as macrophages are required for synergistic curative activity. This combination should be translatable to the clinic and other immunosuppressive cancers.
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