Update of thyroid developmental genes

A Stoupa, D Kariyawasam, A Carré… - … and Metabolism Clinics, 2016 - endo.theclinics.com
Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is one of the most common preventable causes of mental
retardation worldwide and has an estimated prevalence about 1 in 3000 to 1 in 4000
newborns. CH is owing to genetic defects occurring at 3 different levels:(i) the hypothalamus
and pituitary gland,(ii) the thyroid gland, and (iii) the peripheral tissues and can thus be
central or primary/peripheral, respectively. It is distinguished into the permanent form, which
requires life-long thyroxin treatment and the transient form that has a limited duration up to …