Innate immunity has an adaptive component, which has been referred to as
“memory,”“trained,”“imprinted” or “adaptive.” Plasticity is a hallmark of cells of the monocyte–
macrophage lineage. Microbial recognition and cytokines profoundly affect macrophage
function causing a range of adaptive responses including activation, priming, or tolerance.
These adaptive responses of macrophages include production of humoral fluid-phase
pattern recognition molecules such as the prototypic long pentraxin PTX3. These …