Ly-6Chigh Monocytes Depend on Nr4a1 to Balance Both Inflammatory and Reparative Phases in the Infarcted Myocardium

I Hilgendorf, LMS Gerhardt, TC Tan, C Winter… - Circulation …, 2014 - Am Heart Assoc
I Hilgendorf, LMS Gerhardt, TC Tan, C Winter, TAW Holderried, BG Chousterman, Y Iwamoto…
Circulation research, 2014Am Heart Assoc
Rationale: Healing after myocardial infarction involves the biphasic accumulation of
inflammatory lymphocyte antigen 6C (Ly-6C) high and reparative Ly-6Clow monocytes/
macrophages (Mo/MΦ). According to 1 model, Mo/MΦ heterogeneity in the heart originates
in the blood and involves the sequential recruitment of distinct monocyte subsets that
differentiate to distinct macrophages. Alternatively, heterogeneity may arise in tissue from 1
circulating subset via local macrophage differentiation and polarization. The orphan nuclear …
Rationale:
Healing after myocardial infarction involves the biphasic accumulation of inflammatory lymphocyte antigen 6C (Ly-6C)high and reparative Ly-6Clow monocytes/macrophages (Mo/MΦ). According to 1 model, Mo/MΦ heterogeneity in the heart originates in the blood and involves the sequential recruitment of distinct monocyte subsets that differentiate to distinct macrophages. Alternatively, heterogeneity may arise in tissue from 1 circulating subset via local macrophage differentiation and polarization. The orphan nuclear hormone receptor, nuclear receptor subfamily 4, group a, member 1 (Nr4a1), is essential to Ly-6Clow monocyte production but dispensable to Ly-6Clow macrophage differentiation; dependence on Nr4a1 can thus discriminate between systemic and local origins of macrophage heterogeneity.
Objective:
This study tested the role of Nr4a1 in myocardial infarction in the context of the 2 Mo/MΦ accumulation scenarios.
Methods and Results:
We show that Ly-6Chigh monocytes infiltrate the infarcted myocardium and, unlike Ly-6Clow monocytes, differentiate to cardiac macrophages. In the early, inflammatory phase of acute myocardial ischemic injury, Ly-6Chigh monocytes accrue in response to a brief C–C chemokine ligand 2 burst. In the second, reparative phase, accumulated Ly-6Chigh monocytes give rise to reparative Ly-6Clow F4/80high macrophages that proliferate locally. In the absence of Nr4a1, Ly-6Chigh monocytes express heightened levels of C–C chemokine receptor 2 on their surface, avidly infiltrate the myocardium, and differentiate to abnormally inflammatory macrophages, which results in defective healing and compromised heart function.
Conclusions:
Ly-6Chigh monocytes orchestrate both inflammatory and reparative phases during myocardial infarction and depend on Nr4a1 to limit their influx and inflammatory cytokine expression.
Am Heart Assoc