[HTML][HTML] Sensing of energy and nutrients by AMP-activated protein kinase

DG Hardie - The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2011 - Elsevier
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a cellular energy sensor that exists in almost all
eukaryotes. Genetic studies in lower eukaryotes suggest that the ancestral role of AMPK was
in response to starvation for a carbon source and that AMPK is involved in life-span
extension in response to caloric restriction. In mammals, AMPK is activated by an increasing
cellular AMP: ATP ratio (which signifies a decrease in energy) caused by metabolic stresses
that interfere with ATP production (eg, hypoxia) or that accelerate ATP consumption (eg …