Adhalin, the 50 kDa dystrophin-associated glycoprotein, is deficient In skeletal muscle of patients having severe childhood autosomal recessive muscular dystrophy (SCARMD). In several North African families, SCARMD has been linked to chromosome 13q, but SCARMD has been excluded from linkage to this locus in other families. We have now cloned human adhalin cDNA and mapped the adhalin gene to chromosome 17q12-q21. 33, excluding It from Involvement in 13qlinked SCARMD. However, one allellc variant of a polymorphic microsatellite located within intron 6 of the adhalln gene cosegregated perfectly with the disease phenotype In a large family. Furthermore, missense mutations were identified within the adhalin gene that might cause SCARMD in this family. Thus, the adhalin gene Is Involved In at least one form of autosomal recessive muscular dystrophy.