Distinct TLR-mediated pathways regulate house dust mite–induced allergic disease in the upper and lower airways

JH Ryu, JY Yoo, MJ Kim, SG Hwang, KC Ahn… - Journal of allergy and …, 2013 - Elsevier
BACKGROUND: Allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma are 2 entities of allergic airway diseases
that frequently occur together, which is referred to as united airways. In contrast to this
general concept, we hypothesized that innate immunity of the upper and lower airways is
respectively distinctive, because the immunologic conditions of the nasal and lung mucosa
as well as the functions of the immune cells within their epithelia are different. OBJECTIVE:
We wanted to identify distinctive mechanisms of innate immunity in the nose and lung …