Noradrenergic neurons expressing Fos during waking and paradoxical sleep deprivation in the rat

L Léger, R Goutagny, E Sapin, D Salvert, P Fort… - Journal of chemical …, 2009 - Elsevier
Noradrenaline is known to induce waking (W) and to inhibit paradoxical sleep (PS or REM).
Both roles have been exclusively attributed to the noradrenergic neurons of the locus
coeruleus (LC, A6), shown to be active during W and inactive during PS. However, the A1,
A2, A5 and A7 noradrenergic neurons could also be responsible. Therefore, to determine
the contribution of each of the noradrenergic groups in W and in PS inhibition, rats were
maintained in continuous W for 3h in a novel environment or specifically deprived of PS for 3 …