[HTML][HTML] α-Helix 2 in the amino-terminal mad homology 1 domain is responsible for specific DNA binding of Smad3

K Kusanagi, M Kawabata, HK Mishima… - Journal of Biological …, 2001 - ASBMB
Smads, signal transducers of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily proteins,
directly bind to DNA and regulate transcription of target genes. Smad3 binds to CAGA box,
whereas Smad1 and Smad5 preferentially bind to GC-rich sequences. The β-hairpin loop in
the amino-terminal Mad homology 1 (MH1) domain is the direct DNA-binding site of Smad3;
however, the amino acid sequences of the β-hairpin loop of Smad3 and Smad1/5 are
identical, suggesting that other regions may be responsible for the differential DNA binding …