M-CSF elevates c-Fos and phospho-C/EBPα (S21) via ERK whereas G-CSF stimulates SHP2 phosphorylation in marrow progenitors to contribute to myeloid lineage …

GD Jack, L Zhang, AD Friedman - Blood, The Journal of the …, 2009 - ashpublications.org
GD Jack, L Zhang, AD Friedman
Blood, The Journal of the American Society of Hematology, 2009ashpublications.org
The role of hematopoietic cytokines in lineage commitment remains uncertain. To gain
insight into the contribution of cytokine signaling to myeloid lineage specification, we
compared granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and macrophage colony-
stimulating factor (M-CSF) signaling in Ba/F3 cells expressing both the G-CSF and M-CSF
receptors and in lineage-negative murine marrow cells. G-CSF and M-CSF serve as
prototypes for additional cytokines that also influence immature myeloid cells. G-CSF …
Abstract
The role of hematopoietic cytokines in lineage commitment remains uncertain. To gain insight into the contribution of cytokine signaling to myeloid lineage specification, we compared granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) signaling in Ba/F3 cells expressing both the G-CSF and M-CSF receptors and in lineage-negative murine marrow cells. G-CSF and M-CSF serve as prototypes for additional cytokines that also influence immature myeloid cells. G-CSF specifically activated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and induced Src homology region 2 domain-containing phosphatase 2 (SHP2) phosphorylation, whereas M-CSF preferentially activated phospholipase Cγ2, and thereby extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), to stabilize c-Fos and stimulate CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP)α(S21) phosphorylation. In contrast, activation of Jun kinase or c-Jun was similar in response to either cytokine. Inhibition of ERK prevented induction of c-Fos by M-CSF and reduced C/EBPα phosphorylation and formation of colony-forming unit–monocytes. SHP2 inhibition reduced ERK activation in G-CSF, but not M-CSF, and reduced colony-forming unit–granulocytes, underscoring divergent pathways to ERK activation. Phorbol ester mimicked the effect of M-CSF, activating ERK independent of SHP2. In summary, M-CSF activates ERK more potently than G-CSF, and thereby induces higher levels of c-Fos and phospho-C/EBPα(S21), which may directly interact to favor monopoiesis, whereas G-CSF activates signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and SHP2, potentially shifting the balance to granulopoiesis via gene induction by C/EBPα homodimers and via effects of SHP2 on regulators besides ERK.
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