Epicardium-derived cardiac mesenchymal stem cells: expanding the outer limit of heart repair

MK Singh, JA Epstein - Circulation research, 2012 - Am Heart Assoc
MK Singh, JA Epstein
Circulation research, 2012Am Heart Assoc
crest tissue, 12 Chong et al3 found that cCFU-Fs are not derived from Wnt1-Cre–expressing
neural crest progenitors, although cells with similar characteristics could be isolated from
neural crest derivatives in the aorta. Fate mapping with Nkx2. 5-Cre did not label substantial
numbers of cCFU-Fs, which suggests that they do not arise from Nkx2. 5-expressing cardiac
progenitors, which are known to give rise to cardiac myocytes. Over the past decade, bone
marrow–derived progenitor cells have been shown to contribute to repair and remodeling of …
crest tissue, 12 Chong et al3 found that cCFU-Fs are not derived from Wnt1-Cre–expressing neural crest progenitors, although cells with similar characteristics could be isolated from neural crest derivatives in the aorta. Fate mapping with Nkx2. 5-Cre did not label substantial numbers of cCFU-Fs, which suggests that they do not arise from Nkx2. 5-expressing cardiac progenitors, which are known to give rise to cardiac myocytes.
Over the past decade, bone marrow–derived progenitor cells have been shown to contribute to repair and remodeling of heart tissue in normal and diseased conditions. 13, 14 However, substantial controversy surrounds these findings, and further investigation is needed. Chong et al3 investigated whether cCFU-Fs were derived from bone marrow tissue and whether bone marrow–derived cells could rescue cCFU-Fs lost after irradiation. By transplanting bone marrow tissue from a genetically labeled transgenic mice (Actb-eGFP) into lethally irradiated mice, Chong et al3 showed that adult bone marrow cells could not rescue cCFU-Fs after irradiation injury. Stem cell migration occurs in response to inflammation and injury and is regulated by a number of growth factors, cytokines, and chemokines. However, in experimental conditions used by these investigators, bone marrow–derived progenitor cells failed to migrate to the heart to produce cCFU-Fs after either cardiac injury or granulocyte colony-stimulating factor–induced hematopoietic stem cell mobilization. These authors also examined the relationship between c-kit+ cells and cCFU-Fs and concluded that cCFU-Fs are distinct from the majority of bone marrow–derived c-kit+ cells.
Am Heart Assoc