The vertebrate heart is a muscular pump that contracts in a rhythmic fashion to propel the
blood through the body. During evolution, the morphologically complex four-chambered
heart of birds and mammals has evolved from a single-layered tube with peristaltic
contractility. The heart of Drosophila, referred to as the dorsal vessel, is a blind sac
composed of myogenic cells that contract rhythmically. The fish heart is composed of a
single atrial chamber connected to a single ventricular chamber. The evolutionary …