Neutrophil infiltration is mainly mediated by ELR+ CXC chemokines and is regulated through interactions between various stimulants and cells, which are perhaps more complex than previously thought. In this review, I describe the current view of the roles of neutrophil-selective chemokines such as IL-8, MIP-2, and KC by choosing several in vivo models. I also illustrate how these three chemokines are induced and how they are involved in neutrophil infiltration. Finally, I introduce synthetic compounds with high efficacy in the prevention of ischemia reperfusion injury.