Glutathione (γ-glutamyl-cysteinyl-glycine; GSH) is the most abundant low-molecular-weight
thiol, and GSH/glutathione disulfide is the major redox couple in animal cells. The synthesis
of GSH from glutamate, cysteine, and glycine is catalyzed sequentially by two cytosolic
enzymes, γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase and GSH synthetase. Compelling evidence shows
that GSH synthesis is regulated primarily by γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase activity, cysteine
availability, and GSH feedback inhibition. Animal and human studies demonstrate that …