[HTML][HTML] A complex role for the progesterone receptor in the response to vascular injury

RH Karas, M van Eickels, JP Lydon… - The Journal of …, 2001 - Am Soc Clin Investig
RH Karas, M van Eickels, JP Lydon, S Roddy, M Kwoun, M Aronovitz, WE Baur, O Conneely…
The Journal of Clinical Investigation, 2001Am Soc Clin Investig
Clinical studies of hormone replacement therapy to prevent cardiovascular diseases have
heightened interest in the cardiovascular effects of progestins. However, the role of the
progesterone receptor (PR) in vascular biology has not been studied in vivo. We studied
ovariectomized female PR knockout (PRKO) mice and their wild-type (WT) littermates using
the mouse carotid artery injury model. Placebo-treated PRKO mice showed significantly
greater vascular medial hypertrophy and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation …
Clinical studies of hormone replacement therapy to prevent cardiovascular diseases have heightened interest in the cardiovascular effects of progestins. However, the role of the progesterone receptor (PR) in vascular biology has not been studied in vivo. We studied ovariectomized female PR knockout (PRKO) mice and their wild-type (WT) littermates using the mouse carotid artery injury model. Placebo-treated PRKO mice showed significantly greater vascular medial hypertrophy and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation in response to vascular injury than did WT mice. Progesterone had no significant effect in the PRKO mice, but worsened the response to injury in WT mice. VSMCs cultured from PRKO mouse aortae were markedly hyperproliferative, and their growth was not affected by progesterone. In contrast to the in vivo findings, progesterone inhibited proliferation of WT-derived VSMCs. Furthermore, reintroduction of PR into PRKO-derived VSMCs using adenoviral methods restored progesterone-mediated inhibition of proliferation to these cells. This effect was reversed by the PR antagonist, RU 486. Thus, the effects of PR and progesterone differ markedly between cultured VSMCs and intact blood vessels. These data demonstrate a direct role for the PR in regulating the response to vascular injury and VSMC proliferation.
The Journal of Clinical Investigation