Three malformation complexes related to neural crest development

LA Squires, AZ Dieffenbach, BW Betz - Brain and Development, 1998 - Elsevier
We present an individual with three distinct malformation complexes, DiGeorge syndrome,
CHARGE association and Dandy–Walker malformation. An extensive literature review has
shown that DiGeorge syndrome and CHARGE association rarely occur simultaneously. The
presence of both these malformation complexes with Dandy–Walker malformation has not
been previously reported. These three malformation complexes may all be related by neural
crest maldevelopment.