Aspiration is defined as the inhalation of oropharyngeal or gastric contents into the larynx and lower respiratory tract.¹,² Several pulmonary syndromes may occur after aspiration, depending on the amount and nature of the aspirated material, the frequency of aspiration, and the host's response to the aspirated material.² Aspiration pneumonitis (Mendelson's syndrome) is a chemical injury caused by the inhalation of sterile gastric contents, whereas aspiration pneumonia is an infectious process caused by the inhalation of oropharyngeal secretions that are colonized by pathogenic bacteria. Although there is some overlap between these syndromes, they are distinct clinical entities (Table 1). Other . . .