[HTML][HTML] N-acetyl-L-cysteine enhances apoptosis through inhibition of nuclear factor-κB in hypoxic murine embryonic fibroblasts

S Qanungo, M Wang, AL Nieminen - Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2004 - ASBMB
In this study, we investigated the role of reduced glutathione (GSH) and nuclear factor-κB
(NFκB) in hypoxia-induced apoptosis. Hypoxia caused p53-dependent apoptosis in murine
embryonic fibroblasts transfected with Ras and E1A. N-Acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) but not other
antioxidants, such as the vitamin E analog trolox and epigallocatechin-3-gallate, enhanced
hypoxia-induced caspase-3 activation and apoptosis. NAC also enhanced hypoxia-induced
apoptosis in two human cancer cell lines, MIA PaCa-2 pancreatic cancer cells and A549 …