Methods. Patients arid control subjects. The patient group comprised 20 HIV-1 seropositive persons: 19 men (18 white and 1 African-American) and one woman (white). The control group comprised 10 healthy individuals who did not belong to any HIV risk group or report any HIV risk marker: seven men (6 white and 1 Asian) and three women (all white).

All patients had a clinical diagnosis of ADC and met American Academy of ‘Neurology criteria for HIV-1 associated cognitive/motor complex. 27 All were consecutively referred for MR imaging and spectroscopy. Each patient underwent the National Institute of Allergies and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) AIDS Clinical Trials Group structured neurologic interview and exarnination.’l” None had acute medical illness, a history of non-HIV-related neurologic disease, space-occupying HIV-related CNS disease, cardiovascular disease, psychotic disorders, active injection drug use, or psychoactive substance dependence. Before ADC diagnosis, the patients were grouped into the Centers for Disease Control Classification for HIV-1 infection? 10 in CDC stage A (asymptomatic); five in CDC stage B (symptomatic), and five in CDC stage C (AIDS indicator conditions).