Temporal changes in ventricular function assessed echocardiographically in conscious and anesthetized mice

JN Rottman, G Ni, M Khoo, Z Wang, W Zhang… - Journal of the American …, 2003 - Elsevier
The mouse is an important model system for cardiovascular biology, with echocardiography
a critical tool for noninvasive measurement of cardiac morphology and function. The
feasibility and short-term temporal consistency of repeated echocardiographic
measurements in conscious mice has not been previously evaluated. We performed serial 2-
dimensional guided M-mode transthoracic echocardiographic measurements at 5-to 10-
minute intervals over 60 minutes in conscious mice and in mice treated with 1 of 3 anesthetic …