Diverse biological actions of atrial natriuretic peptide

BM Brenner, BJ Ballermann… - Physiological …, 1990 - journals.physiology.org
BM Brenner, BJ Ballermann, ME Gunning, ML Zeidel
Physiological reviews, 1990journals.physiology.org
Atria1 natriuretic peptide (ANP) is a recently discovered hormone secreted primarily by
atria1 myocytes in response to local wall stretch (ie, increased intravascular volume). The
combined actions of ANP on vasculature, kidneys, and adrenals serve both acutely and
chronically to reduce systemic blood pressure as well as intravascular volume (27, 29). The
reduction in blood pressure is the consequence of reduced peripheral vascular resistance
(in part mediated by direct relaxation of vascular smooth muscle), diminished cardiac output …
Atria1 natriuretic peptide (ANP) is a recently discovered hormone secreted primarily by atria1 myocytes in response to local wall stretch (ie, increased intravascular volume). The combined actions of ANP on vasculature, kidneys, and adrenals serve both acutely and chronically to reduce systemic blood pressure as well as intravascular volume (27, 29). The reduction in blood pressure is the consequence of reduced peripheral vascular resistance (in part mediated by direct relaxation of vascular smooth muscle), diminished cardiac output, and decreased intravascular volume. In the kidney, ANP acts on specific receptors in renal microvasculature and tubule epithelium to induce hyperfiltration, inhibition of Na+ transport, and suppression of renin release, all of which are effects responsible for natriuresis, diuresis, as well as diminished arterial blood pressure. Also ANP merular apparatus and directly by a receptor-mediated action on adrenal glomerulosa cells. Finally, ANP facilitates transudation of plasma water to interstitium, providing yet another means for reducing intravascular volume and blood pressure. The aim of this review is to summarize current understanding of the structure of ANP; its synthesis, secretion, and removal from the circulation; its cellular and target organ actions; and, finally, its role in various pathophysiological states.
American Physiological Society