An Investigation of the Effect of Misclassification on the Properties of -Tests in the Analysis of Categorical Data

VL Mote, RL Anderson - Biometrika, 1965 - JSTOR
VL Mote, RL Anderson
Biometrika, 1965JSTOR
The theory of X2-tests in the analysis of categorical data has been developed extensively.
One of the difficulties often encountered in the practical application of this theory is the
possibility of making mistakes in classifying individuals into respective categories. When the
categories are of the type'alive'or'dead', there is almost no risk of error; however, even in the
medical field there is a considerable chance of error in certain complex diagnoses; as Bross
(1954) remarks:'In more complex diagnoses, the clinician realizes that there is a …
The theory of X2-tests in the analysis of categorical data has been developed extensively. One of the difficulties often encountered in the practical application of this theory is the possibility of making mistakes in classifying individuals into respective categories. When the categories are of the type'alive'or'dead', there is almost no risk of error; however, even in the medical field there is a considerable chance of error in certain complex diagnoses; as Bross (1954) remarks:
'In more complex diagnoses, the clinician realizes that there is a considerable risk of error, a risk that may vary a great deal depending on the disease under study, the availability and existence of diagnostic tests, and other factors.'Recent articles by Diamond & Lilienfeld (1962 a, b) and by Newell (1962) are concerned with the effects of both classification and diagnosis errors in epidemiological studies. When there is difficulty in the proper classification of observations into the respective categories, the following questions arise:
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