Respirable antisense oligonucleotides (RASONs) represent a novel class of respiratory therapeutic molecules with the potential to specifically address the challenges posed by the successes of the Human Genome Program, namely, the need to rapidly identify the critical pulmonary disease-relevant drugable targets from the vast pool of 30,000–40,000 human genes and to discover and develop drugs that specifically attack these targets. We have shown that EPI-2010, a RASON targeting the adenosine A₁ receptor, a G-protein coupled receptor that has been implicated in the regulation of three major determinants of asthma, can be delivered directly to the target disease tissue as an aerosol formulation. In vivo efficacy, absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME), and safety studies of inhaled EPI-2010 employing animal models of human asthma suggest that the RASON approach enables the specific delivery of efficacious, safe, and long-acting doses of phosphorothioate oligonucleotides to the respiratory tract. Moreover, these data indicate that RASONs truly have the potential to address the respiratory drug discovery bottleneck of the postgenomic era, that is, the ability to rapidly validate disease targets and develop pulmonary disease therapeutics for these validated targets.