Immunogenicity of a recombinant human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–canarypox vaccine in HIV-seronegative Ugandan volunteers: results of the HIV Network for …

H Cao, P Kaleebu, D Hom, J Flores… - The Journal of …, 2003 - academic.oup.com
H Cao, P Kaleebu, D Hom, J Flores, D Agrawal, N Jones, J Serwanga, M Okello, C Walker
The Journal of infectious diseases, 2003academic.oup.com
In the first preventative human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccine study to be carried out
in Africa, 40 HIV-seronegative Ugandan volunteers were randomly assigned to receive a
canarypox vector containing HIV-1 clade B (env and gag-pro) antigens (ALVAC-HIV; n= 20),
control vector containing the rabies virus glycoprotein G gene (n= 10), or saline placebo (n=
10). Cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity against target cells expressing clade A, B, and D
antigens was assessed using standard chromium-release and confirmatory interferon-γ …
Abstract
In the first preventative human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccine study to be carried out in Africa, 40 HIV-seronegative Ugandan volunteers were randomly assigned to receive a canarypox vector containing HIV-1 clade B (env and gag-pro) antigens (ALVAC-HIV; n=20), control vector containing the rabies virus glycoprotein G gene (n=10), or saline placebo (n=10). Cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity against target cells expressing clade A, B, and D antigens was assessed using standard chromium-release and confirmatory interferon-γ enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assays. Neutralizing antibody responses to cell line–adapted strains and primary isolates in all 3 clades were also tested. Twenty percent of vaccine recipients generated detectable cytolytic responses to either Gag or Env, and 45% had vaccine-induced HIV-specific CD8+ T cell responses, as measured by the ELISPOT assay. In contrast, only 5% of the control group had vaccine-specific responses. Neutralizing antibodies against primary and laboratory-adapted HIV-1 clade B strains were seen in 10% and 15% of vaccine recipients, respectively, but responses against clades A and D were not detected. Although the immunogenicity of this clade B–based vaccine was low, ALVAC-HIV elicited CD8+ T cell responses with detectable cross-activity against clade A and D antigens in a significant proportion of vaccine recipients
Oxford University Press