Recognition of microbial infection by Toll-like receptors
E Kopp, R Medzhitov - Current opinion in immunology, 2003 - Elsevier
E Kopp, R Medzhitov
Current opinion in immunology, 2003•ElsevierThe Toll-like receptors (TLRs) of the innate immune system detect host invasion by
pathogens and initiate immune responses. All of the TLRs use the adaptor MyD88 to
transduce a signal; however, two newly identified signaling molecules, TIRAP and TRIF,
interact with a subset of the TLRs, suggesting a signaling specificity that may be relevant to
the type of infection. Activation of the TRIF pathway, for example, leads to the production of
antiviral gene products via the transcription factor, IRF3. In vivo experiments in TLR-deficient …
pathogens and initiate immune responses. All of the TLRs use the adaptor MyD88 to
transduce a signal; however, two newly identified signaling molecules, TIRAP and TRIF,
interact with a subset of the TLRs, suggesting a signaling specificity that may be relevant to
the type of infection. Activation of the TRIF pathway, for example, leads to the production of
antiviral gene products via the transcription factor, IRF3. In vivo experiments in TLR-deficient …
The Toll-like receptors (TLRs) of the innate immune system detect host invasion by pathogens and initiate immune responses. All of the TLRs use the adaptor MyD88 to transduce a signal; however, two newly identified signaling molecules, TIRAP and TRIF, interact with a subset of the TLRs, suggesting a signaling specificity that may be relevant to the type of infection. Activation of the TRIF pathway, for example, leads to the production of antiviral gene products via the transcription factor, IRF3. In vivo experiments in TLR-deficient mice underscore the importance of TLRs in overcoming infection.
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