Although the field of immunology developed in part from the early vaccine studies of Edward
Jenner, Louis Pasteur and others, vaccine development had largely become the province of
virologists and other microbiologists, because the model for classic vaccines was to isolate
the pathogen and prepare a killed or attenuated pathogen vaccine. Only recently has
vaccinology returned to the realm of immunology, because a new understanding of immune
mechanisms has allowed translation of basic discoveries into vaccine strategies.