Upregulation of PAI-1 is mediated through TGF-β/Smad pathway in transplant arteriopathy
C Dong, S Zhu, T Wang, W Yoon… - The Journal of heart and …, 2002 - Elsevier
BACKGROUND: Plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) is the primary physiologic
inhibitor of plasminogen activator in vivo. Increased PAI-1 expression is associated with
arteriosclerosis. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) induces PAI-1 production via
Smads. METHODS: In vivo, TGF-β receptors (TβRs), Smad2, Smad3, and Smad4, PAI-1,
and Smad2 phosphorylation were examined by immunohistochemistry in 3 native aortas, 14
rat aortic syngrafts, and 19 allografts collected at 15, 30, and 45 days post-transplantation. In …
inhibitor of plasminogen activator in vivo. Increased PAI-1 expression is associated with
arteriosclerosis. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) induces PAI-1 production via
Smads. METHODS: In vivo, TGF-β receptors (TβRs), Smad2, Smad3, and Smad4, PAI-1,
and Smad2 phosphorylation were examined by immunohistochemistry in 3 native aortas, 14
rat aortic syngrafts, and 19 allografts collected at 15, 30, and 45 days post-transplantation. In …