The pulmonary and portal vasculature of naïve mice of the 129/Ola and CBA/Ca strains has been studied by means of the vasculature casting technique. This involves injection of pigmented vinylite resin into the arterial and venous systems, followed by digestion of the tissues with KOH. The peripheral vessels of the arterial and portal systems of CBA/Ca mice were numerous and highly branched. In contrast, casts prepared from 70–80% of naïve 129/Ola mice showed dramatic reductions in the number and extent of the peripheral vessels. In addition, such vessels appeared severely truncated. The remaining 20–30% of naïve 129/Ola mice yielded lung and liver casts that were indistinguishable from the CBA/Ca casts. Casts prepared from 129/Ola mice infected 6 weeks previously with Schistosoma mansoni cercariae showed the same segregation; faecal smears, together with observations of presence or absence of gross pathology in such mice confirmed that the vascular changes correlated with the ‘non-permissive trait’. We propose that such alterations facilitate the reportedly abnormal migration of schistosomes from the liver to the lungs in ‘non-permissive’ 129/Ola mice.