TY - JOUR AU - Ando, Takao AU - Latif, Rauf AU - Pritsker, Alla AU - Moran, Thomas AU - Nagayama, Yuji AU - Davies, Terry F. T1 - A monoclonal thyroid-stimulating antibody PY - 2002/12/01/ AB - The thyrotropin receptor, also known as the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR), is the primary antigen of Graves disease. Stimulating TSHR antibodies are the cause of thyroid overstimulation and were originally called long-acting thyroid stimulators due to their prolonged action. Here we report the successful cloning and characterization of a monoclonal antibody (MS-1) with TSHR-stimulating activity. The thyroid-stimulating activity of MS-1 was evident at IgG concentrations as low as 20 ng/ml. MS-1 also competed for radiolabeled TSH binding to the native TSHR and was able to compete for TSH-induced stimulation. MS-1 recognized a conformational epitope within the TSHR α (or A) subunit but excluding the receptor cleavage region. Using an assay measuring loss of antibody recognition after cleavage we demonstrated that MS-1, in contrast to TSH, was unable to enhance TSHR posttranslational cleavage. Since receptor cleavage is followed by α subunit shedding and receptor degradation, the functional half-life of the receptor may be extended. The isolation and characterization of MS-1 provides a novel explanation for the prolonged thyroid stimulation in this disease which may be secondary to the lack of receptor cleavage in addition to the prolonged half-life of IgG itself. JF - The Journal of Clinical Investigation JA - J Clin Invest SN - 0021-9738 DO - 10.1172/JCI16991 VL - 110 IS - 11 UR - https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI16991 SP - 1667 EP - 1674 PB - The American Society for Clinical Investigation ER -