Abstract
Cell lineage plasticity is one of the major causes for the failure of targeted therapies in various cancers. However, the driver and actionable drug targets in promoting cancer cell lineage plasticity are scarcely identified. Here, we found that a G protein-coupled receptor, ADORA2A, is specifically upregulated during neuroendocrine differentiation, a common form of lineage plasticity in prostate cancer and lung cancer following targeted therapies. Activation of the ADORA2A signaling rewires the proline metabolism via an ERK/MYC/PYCR cascade. Increased proline synthesis promotes deacetylases SIRT6/7-mediated deacetylation of histone H3 at lysine 27 (H3K27), and thereby biases a global transcriptional output toward a neuroendocrine lineage profile. Ablation of Adora2a in genetically engineered mouse models inhibits the development and progression of neuroendocrine prostate and lung cancers, and, intriguingly, prevents the adenocarcinoma-to-neuroendocrine phenotypic transition. Importantly, pharmacological blockade of ADORA2A profoundly represses neuroendocrine prostate and lung cancer growth in vivo. Therefore, we believe that ADORA2A can be used as a promising therapeutic target to govern the epigenetic reprogramming in neuroendocrine malignancies.
Authors
Na Jing, Kai Zhang, Xinyu Chen, Kaiyuan Liu, Jinming Wang, Lingling Xiao, Wentian Zhang, Pengfei Ma, Penghui Xu, Chaping Cheng, Deng Wang, Huifang Zhao, Yuman He, Zhongzhong Ji, Zhixiang Xin, Yujiao Sun, Yingchao Zhang, Wei Bao, Yiming Gong, Liancheng Fan, Yiyi Ji, Guanglei Zhuang, Qi Wang, Baijun Dong, Pengcheng Zhang, Wei Xue, Wei-Qiang Gao, Helen He Zhu
Figure 5
Enhanced proline synthesis reprograms global histone acetylation in PCa cells.
Copyright © 2026 American Society for Clinical Investigation
ISSN: 0021-9738 (print), 1558-8238 (online)