Usage Information

Immune function in systemic lupus erythematosus. Impairment of in vitro T-cell proliferation and in vivo antibody response to exogenous antigen.
A B Gottlieb, … , N Chiorazzi, H G Kunkel
A B Gottlieb, … , N Chiorazzi, H G Kunkel
Published May 1, 1979
Citation Information: J Clin Invest. 1979;63(5):885-892. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI109388.
View: Text | PDF
Research Article

Immune function in systemic lupus erythematosus. Impairment of in vitro T-cell proliferation and in vivo antibody response to exogenous antigen.

Abstract

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 46 systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients showed reduced ability to proliferate in vitro in response to the soluble antigen, tetanus toxoid, as compared with 96 normal controls. Special studies of 27 untreated SLE patients also revealed significantly decreased blastogenic responses to tetanus toxoid. In both the total and untreated SLE populations, decreased mean tetanus antibody titers also were found as compared with the control population. However, the reduction in antibody titer and blastogenic response was not strictly parallel. A limited immunization program was initiated in low-responding volunteers from the SLE and normal populations. Three out of four SLE patients did not develop a significant blastogenic response despite increases in anti-tetanus titers after immunization, whereas all normals showed significant increases in both blastogenic and antibody responses. The accumulated evidence indicated that the unresponsiveness was the result of a defect in T-cell function. Monocyte reactivity was demonstrated to be normal, and no evidence was found for the presence of suppressor cells, inhibition by immune complexes, or increased prostaglandins to explain the defect.

Authors

A B Gottlieb, R G Lahita, N Chiorazzi, H G Kunkel

×

Usage data is cumulative from June 2021 through June 2022.

Usage JCI PMC
Text version 110 0
PDF 12 7
Scanned page 18 0
Citation downloads 8 0
Totals 148 7
Total Views 155
(Click and drag on plot area to zoom in. Click legend items above to toggle)

Usage information is collected from two different sources: this site (JCI) and Pubmed Central (PMC). JCI information (compiled daily) shows human readership based on methods we employ to screen out robotic usage. PMC information (aggregated monthly) is also similarly screened of robotic usage.

Various methods are used to distinguish robotic usage. For example, Google automatically scans articles to add to its search index and identifies itself as robotic; other services might not clearly identify themselves as robotic, or they are new or unknown as robotic. Because this activity can be misinterpreted as human readership, data may be re-processed periodically to reflect an improved understanding of robotic activity. Because of these factors, readers should consider usage information illustrative but subject to change.

Advertisement