Fatty acids and carbohydrates are the two main energy substrates used by the heart. Studies
involving the regulation of these pathways in the heart have historically been hampered by a
number of important technical problems. One problem is the need to provide the heart with
fatty acids, which, due to their insolubility, must be delivered to the heart either bound to
albumin or contained within triacylglycerol-lipoproteins. Another problem is the need to
perform experiments at relevant workloads, since the work performed by the heart is a key …