Estimating kinetic parameters from dynamic contrast‐enhanced t1‐weighted MRI of a diffusable tracer: Standardized quantities and symbols

PS Tofts, G Brix, DL Buckley… - Journal of Magnetic …, 1999 - Wiley Online Library
PS Tofts, G Brix, DL Buckley, JL Evelhoch, E Henderson, MV Knopp, HBW Larsson, TY Lee
Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging: An Official Journal of the …, 1999Wiley Online Library
We describe a standard set of quantity names and symbols related to the estimation of
kinetic parameters from dynamic contrast‐enhanced T1‐weighted magnetic resonance
imaging data, using diffusable agents such as gadopentetate dimeglumine (Gd‐DTPA).
These include a) the volume transfer constant Ktrans (min− 1); b) the volume of
extravascular extracellular space (EES) per unit volume of tissue ve (0< ve< 1); and c) the
flux rate constant between EES and plasma kep (min− 1). The rate constant is the ratio of the …
Abstract
We describe a standard set of quantity names and symbols related to the estimation of kinetic parameters from dynamic contrast‐enhanced T1‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging data, using diffusable agents such as gadopentetate dimeglumine (Gd‐DTPA). These include a) the volume transfer constant Ktrans (min−1); b) the volume of extravascular extracellular space (EES) per unit volume of tissue ve (0 < ve < 1); and c) the flux rate constant between EES and plasma kep (min−1). The rate constant is the ratio of the transfer constant to the EES (kep = Ktrans/ve). Under flow‐limited conditions Ktrans equals the blood plasma flow per unit volume of tissue; under permeability‐limited conditions Ktrans equals the permeability surface area product per unit volume of tissue. We relate these quantities to previously published work from our groups; our future publications will refer to these standardized terms, and we propose that these be adopted as international standards. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 10:223–232, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
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