LTBP4 genotype predicts age of ambulatory loss in duchenne muscular dystrophy
KM Flanigan, E Ceco, KM Lamar, Y Kaminoh… - Annals of …, 2013 - Wiley Online Library
KM Flanigan, E Ceco, KM Lamar, Y Kaminoh, DM Dunn, JR Mendell, WM King, A Pestronk…
Annals of neurology, 2013•Wiley Online LibraryObjective Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) displays a clinical range that is not fully
explained by the primary DMD mutations. Ltbp4, encoding latent transforming growth factor‐
β binding protein 4, was previously discovered in a genome‐wide scan as a modifier of
murine muscular dystrophy. We sought to determine whether LTBP4 genotype influenced
DMD severity in a large patient cohort. Methods We analyzed nonsynonymous single
nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from human LTBP4 in 254 nonambulatory subjects with …
explained by the primary DMD mutations. Ltbp4, encoding latent transforming growth factor‐
β binding protein 4, was previously discovered in a genome‐wide scan as a modifier of
murine muscular dystrophy. We sought to determine whether LTBP4 genotype influenced
DMD severity in a large patient cohort. Methods We analyzed nonsynonymous single
nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from human LTBP4 in 254 nonambulatory subjects with …
Objective
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) displays a clinical range that is not fully explained by the primary DMD mutations. Ltbp4, encoding latent transforming growth factor‐β binding protein 4, was previously discovered in a genome‐wide scan as a modifier of murine muscular dystrophy. We sought to determine whether LTBP4 genotype influenced DMD severity in a large patient cohort.
Methods
We analyzed nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from human LTBP4 in 254 nonambulatory subjects with known DMD mutations. These SNPs, V194I, T787A, T820A, and T1140M, form the VTTT and IAAM LTBP4 haplotypes.
Results
Individuals homozygous for the IAAM LTBP4 haplotype remained ambulatory significantly longer than those heterozygous or homozygous for the VTTT haplotype. Glucocorticoid‐treated patients who were IAAM homozygotes lost ambulation at 12.5 ± 3.3 years compared to 10.7 ± 2.1 years for treated VTTT heterozygotes or homozygotes. IAAM fibroblasts exposed to transforming growth factor (TGF) β displayed reduced phospho‐SMAD signaling compared to VTTT fibroblasts, consistent with LTBP4' role as a regulator of TGFβ.
Interpretation
LTBP4 haplotype influences age at loss of ambulation, and should be considered in the management of DMD patients. ANN NEUROL 2013;73:481–488
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