Monitoring changes in gene expression in renal ischemia-reperfusion in the rat

Although acute renal failure (ARF) is a relatively common disorder with major morbidity and mortality, its molecular basis remains incompletely defined. The present study examined global gene expression in the well-characterized ischemia-reperfusion model of ARF using DNA microarray technology.

Male Wistar rats underwent bilateral renal ischemia (30 min) or sham operation, followed by reperfusion for 1, 2, 3 or 4 days. Plasma creatinine increased approximately fivefold over baseline, peaking on day 1. Renal total RNA was used to probe cDNA microarrays.

Alterations in expression of 18 genes were identified by microarray analysis. Nine genes were up-regulated (ADAM2, HO-1, UCP-2, and thymosin β4 in the early phase and clusterin, vanin1, fibronectin, heat-responsive protein 12 and FK506 binding protein in the established phase), whereas another nine were down-regulated (glutamine synthetase, cytochrome p450 IId6, and cyp 2d9 in the early phase and cyp 4a14, Xist gene, PPARγ, α-albumin, uromodulin, and ADH B2 in the established phase). The identities of these 18 genes were sequence-verified. Changes in gene expression of ADAM2, cyp2d6, fibronectin, HO-1 and PPARγ were confirmed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). ADAM2, cyp2d6, and PPARγ have not previously been known to be involved in ARF.

Using DNA microarray technology, we identified changes in expression of 18 genes during renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in the rat. We confirmed changes in five genes (fibronectin, ADAM2, cyp 2d6, HO-1 and PPARγ) by quantitative real-time PCR. Several genes, not previously been identified as playing a role in ischemic ARF, may have importance in this disease.