This article summarizes the views of an expert meeting of cardiologists and oncologists on the use of dexrazoxane in anthracycline-based chemotherapy. Anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity remains a major concern and new trends in treatment (e.g., combination of an anthracycline with other agents) will ensure that it remains a problem. Dexrazoxane reduces this cardiotoxicity in adults and children with a range of tumor types. Further research may help to identify those patients who are at particular risk of cardiotoxicity and who would benefit the most from dexrazoxane. There are also numerous possibilities for dexrazoxane in other clinical situations, which must be addressed in future trials.