BACKGROUND: Asthma has been considered an immunologic disease mediated by TH2
cells and adaptive immunity. However, clinical and experimental observations suggest that
additional pathways might regulate asthma, particularly in its nonallergic forms, such as
asthma associated with air pollution, stress, obesity, and infection. OBJECTIVES: Our goal
was to understand TH2 cell–independent conditions that might lead to airway hyperreactivity
(AHR), a cardinal feature of asthma. METHODS: We examined a murine model of …