[HTML][HTML] Wnt signaling to β-catenin involves two interactive components: glycogen synthase kinase-3β inhibition and activation of protein kinase C

RH Chen, WV Ding, F McCormick - Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2000 - ASBMB
Wnt signaling involves inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) and elevation of
cytoplasmic β-catenin. This pathway is essential during embryonic development and
oncogenesis. Previous studies on both Xenopus and mammalian cells indicate that lithium
mimics Wnt signaling by inactivating GSK-3β. Here we show that serum enhances
accumulation of cytoplasmic β-catenin induced by lithium in both 293 and C57MG cell lines
and that growth factors are responsible for this enhancing activity. Growth factors mediate …