Renal Transplantation has progressed from an experiment in surgery, nephrology, and
immunology to the preferred means of renal replacement therapy for patients with end-stage
renal disease. Patient and graft survival rates are spectacular in the short run and improving
steadily in the long. The current state of the art reflects deepened understanding of the
alloimmune response and the T lymphocyte activation cascade in part driving the discovery
of ever more potent immunosuppressive agents. Important issues remain such as chronic …