Adenovirus-specific immunity after immunization with an Ad5 HIV-1 vaccine candidate in humans

KL O'brien, J Liu, SL King, YH Sun, JE Schmitz… - Nature medicine, 2009 - nature.com
KL O'brien, J Liu, SL King, YH Sun, JE Schmitz, MA Lifton, NA Hutnick, MR Betts, SA Dubey…
Nature medicine, 2009nature.com
The immunologic basis for the potential enhanced HIV-1 acquisition in adenovirus serotype
5 (Ad5)-seropositive individuals who received the Merck recombinant Ad5 HIV-1 vaccine in
the STEP study remains unclear. Here we show that baseline Ad5-specific neutralizing
antibodies are not correlated with Ad5-specific T lymphocyte responses and that Ad5-
seropositive subjects do not develop higher vector-specific cellular immune responses as
compared with Ad5-seronegative subjects after vaccination. These findings challenge the …
Abstract
The immunologic basis for the potential enhanced HIV-1 acquisition in adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5)-seropositive individuals who received the Merck recombinant Ad5 HIV-1 vaccine in the STEP study remains unclear. Here we show that baseline Ad5-specific neutralizing antibodies are not correlated with Ad5-specific T lymphocyte responses and that Ad5-seropositive subjects do not develop higher vector-specific cellular immune responses as compared with Ad5-seronegative subjects after vaccination. These findings challenge the hypothesis that activated Ad5-specific T lymphocytes were the cause of the potential enhanced HIV-1 susceptibility in the STEP study.
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