Pulmonary epithelial cells are continuously exposed to microbial challenges as a result of
breathing. It is recognized that immune myeloid cells express Toll-like receptors (TLRs),
which play a major role in detecting microbes and initiating innate immune responses. In
contrast, little is known concerning the expression of TLR in pulmonary epithelial cells per
se, their distribution within the cell, their function, and the signaling pathways involved. In
this work, we demonstrated by reverse transcription-PCR and/or immunoblot that TLR4 and …