Characterization of the heparin-binding properties of human clusterin

GJ Pankhurst, CA Bennett, SB Easterbrook-Smith - Biochemistry, 1998 - ACS Publications
GJ Pankhurst, CA Bennett, SB Easterbrook-Smith
Biochemistry, 1998ACS Publications
Clusterin is a highly conserved mammalian glycoprotein which has been predicted to
contain heparin-binding sites. We tested this prediction by studying the interactions between
heparin and clusterin using ELISA and heparin affinity chromatography methodologies. Two
forms of biotinylated heparin were used in ELISA: heparin which had been directly
biotinylated with a biotin-N-hydroxysuccinimide ester and heparin which had been activated
using epichlorohydrin and 1, 6-diaminohexane prior to biotinylation. Both gave dose …
Clusterin is a highly conserved mammalian glycoprotein which has been predicted to contain heparin-binding sites. We tested this prediction by studying the interactions between heparin and clusterin using ELISA and heparin affinity chromatography methodologies. Two forms of biotinylated heparin were used in ELISA:  heparin which had been directly biotinylated with a biotin-N-hydroxysuccinimide ester and heparin which had been activated using epichlorohydrin and 1,6-diaminohexane prior to biotinylation. Both gave dose-dependent increases in ELISA signal with increasing concentrations of biotinylated heparin, with the latter giving signals an order of magnitude greater than the former. There was a dose-dependent increase in the ELISA signal from bound biotinylated heparin with increasing concentrations of plate-bound clusterin. The apparent affinity constant for binding of biotinylated heparin to plate-bound clusterin at pH 6.0 was estimated as 0.06 ± 0.02 μM. Unlabeled heparin blocked the binding of biotinylated heparin to clusterin over a concentration range similar to that of the binding of biotinylated heparin to plate-bound clusterin. The binding of biotinylated heparin to clusterin was independent of the presence or absence of Ca2+. The binding of biotinylated heparin to plate-bound clusterin increased with decreasing pH over the range 5.5−8.0 and was characterized by an apparent pKa of 6.9. Clusterin in human serum bound to heparin−Sepharose at pH 6.0 but not at pH 7.4. Dot-blot experiments showed that one of the polypeptide chains of clusterin which had been reduced and alkylated under denaturing conditions bound to heparin−Sepharose. This chain was identified as the α chain from its N-terminal amino acid sequence.
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