Immunization with DNA followed by modified vaccinia virus Ankara strain, both expressing the antigen 85A, induced both CD4⁺- and CD8⁺-T-cell responses in BALB/c mice. Following challenge with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, this prime-boost regimen produced protection equivalent to that conferred by Mycobacterium bovis BCG. Following immunization with dendritic cells pulsed with an antigen 85A CD4⁺- or CD8⁺-restricted epitope, alone or in combination, copresentation of both epitopes on the same dendritic cell was required for protection, demonstrating that induced CD8⁺ T cells can play a protective role against tuberculosis.