Twenty-five years after the first published description of AIDS, HIV-associated nephropathy
(HIVAN) remains an important cause of kidney disease in HIV-infected patients. The
pathogenesis of HIVAN involves direct HIV infection of the kidney, with both viral and host
genetic factors playing an important role. The widespread use of antiretroviral therapy has
influenced the epidemiology of HIV-related kidney disease, and the nephrology community
should support efforts to improve access to therapy and limit HIV transmission in susceptible …