NOX enzymes and the biology of reactive oxygen

JD Lambeth - Nature Reviews Immunology, 2004 - nature.com
JD Lambeth
Nature Reviews Immunology, 2004nature.com
Professional phagocytes generate high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) using a
superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase as part of their armoury of microbicidal
mechanisms. The multicomponent phagocyte oxidase (Phox), which has been well
characterized over the past three decades, includes the catalytic subunit gp91phox. Lower
levels of ROS are seen in non-phagocytic cells, but are usually thought to be'accidental'
byproducts of aerobic metabolism. The discovery of a family of superoxide-generating …
Abstract
Professional phagocytes generate high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) using a superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase as part of their armoury of microbicidal mechanisms. The multicomponent phagocyte oxidase (Phox), which has been well characterized over the past three decades, includes the catalytic subunit gp91phox. Lower levels of ROS are seen in non-phagocytic cells, but are usually thought to be 'accidental' byproducts of aerobic metabolism. The discovery of a family of superoxide-generating homologues of gp91phox has led to the concept that ROS are 'intentionally' generated in these cells with distinctive cellular functions related to innate immunity, signal transduction and modification of the extracellular matrix.
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