Transmural dispersion of repolarization and arrhythmogenicity: the Brugada syndrome versus the long QT syndrome

C Antzelevitch, GX Yan, W Shimizu - Journal of electrocardiology, 1999 - Elsevier
Recent studies have shown that ventricular myocardium is composed of at least 3
electrophysiologically distinct cell types: epicardial, endocardial, and M cells. Action
potentials recorded from epicardial and M cells, unlike those recorded from endocardium,
display a spike-and-dome morphology, the result of a prominent transient outward current-
mediated phase 1. M cells are distinguished from endocardial and epicardial cells by the
ability of their action potential to prolong disproportionately in response to a slowing of rate …