Apoptosis is an active process of cell destruction, characterized by cell shrinkage, chromatin
aggregation with extensive genomic fragmentation, and nuclear pyknosis. In contrast,
necrosis is characterized by passive cell swelling, intense mitochondrial damage with rapid
energy loss, and generalized disruption of internal homeostasis. This swiftly leads to
membrane lysis, release of intracellular constituents that evoke a local inflammatory
reaction, edema, and injury to the surrounding tissue. In collaboration, our two research …