Therapeutic angiogenesis and vasculogenesis for ischemic disease: part II: cell-based therapies

DW Losordo, S Dimmeler - Circulation, 2004 - Am Heart Assoc
Circulation, 2004Am Heart Assoc
sion patterns of surface markers have been used successfully to improve
neovascularization. One interpretation of these results is that different cells share a similar
capacity. Alternatively, one may speculate that, at present, we lack the appropriate marker
(s) to define the effective population of cells. Given that only a minor percentage of the cells
are incorporated into the capillaries, a contaminating population common in the different cell
sources may account for the biological effects in vivo. The second critical point is how these …
sion patterns of surface markers have been used successfully to improve neovascularization. One interpretation of these results is that different cells share a similar capacity. Alternatively, one may speculate that, at present, we lack the appropriate marker (s) to define the effective population of cells. Given that only a minor percentage of the cells are incorporated into the capillaries, a contaminating population common in the different cell sources may account for the biological effects in vivo.
The second critical point is how these endothelial progenitor cells enhance neovascularization. Various studies showed that bone marrow–derived cells incorporate into the newly formed capillaries and express endothelial markers, suggesting that endothelial progenitor cells enhance neovascularization by physically contributing to the newly formed capillaries. However, the absolute number of incorporated endothelial progenitor cells dramatically varies between 0% and 90% in the different studies. The experimental animal model (tumor angiogenesis versus limb ischemia), the time point assessed after ischemia, and the use of the endothelial marker proteins, which are more or less specific for endothelial cells, may have contributed to these dramatically different numbers. Interestingly, Lyden et al25
Am Heart Assoc