A universal influenza A vaccine based on the extracellular domain of the M2 protein

S Neirynck, T Deroo, X Saelens, P Vanlandschoot… - Nature medicine, 1999 - nature.com
S Neirynck, T Deroo, X Saelens, P Vanlandschoot, WM Jou, W Fiers
Nature medicine, 1999nature.com
The antigenic variation of influenza virus represents a major health problem. However, the
extracellular domain of the minor, virus-coded M2 protein is nearly invariant in all influenza
A strains. We genetically fused this M2 domain to the hepatitis B virus core (HBc) protein to
create fusion gene coding for M2HBc; this gene was efficiently expressed in Escherichia
coli. Intraperitoneal or intranasal administration of purified M2HBc particles to mice provided
90–100% protection against a lethal virus challenge. The protection was mediated by …
Abstract
The antigenic variation of influenza virus represents a major health problem. However, the extracellular domain of the minor, virus-coded M2 protein is nearly invariant in all influenza A strains. We genetically fused this M2 domain to the hepatitis B virus core (HBc) protein to create fusion gene coding for M2HBc; this gene was efficiently expressed in Escherichia coli. Intraperitoneal or intranasal administration of purified M2HBc particles to mice provided 90–100% protection against a lethal virus challenge. The protection was mediated by antibodies, as it was transferable by serum. The enhanced immunogenicity of the M2 extracellular domain exposed on HBc particles allows broad-spectrum, long-lasting protection against influenza A infections.
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