Negative affect is critical for conferring vulnerability to opiate addiction as reflected by the high comorbidity of opiate abuse with major depressive disorder (MDD). Rodent models implicate amygdala prodynorphin (
Sarah Ann R. Anderson, Michael Michaelides, Parisa Zarnegar, Yanhua Ren, Pernilla Fagergren, Panayotis K. Thanos, Gene-Jack Wang, Michael Bannon, John F. Neumaier, Eva Keller, Nora D. Volkow, Yasmin L. Hurd
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